Wrench



RHONDHUE.

WRENCH. I

Patented Dec. 12, 1882.

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

BERNARD DONOHUE, OF YONKERS, NEW YORK.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 268,784, dated December 12, 1852.

- Application filed April 14, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BERNARD DONOHUE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Yonkers, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improvement upon the duplex wrench for which Letters Patent of the United States numbered 238,369 were secured to me March 1,188.1. The device illustrated in said Letters Patent combines in a single tool twosets of gripping-jaws adapted to grip either a surface having parallel t'aces-such .as a square'or polygonal headed nut-or an irregular or cylindrical bodysuch as a pipe or cylinder-the screw-threaded shank or stock in said duplex wrench being provided with two stationary jaws, and aslide operated by a screw-threaded nut being pro; vided upon one side with a rigid jaw and on its opposite side having a yielding spring jaw adapted to. serve, in conjunction with one of thestationary jaws, as a pipe-wrench. The slide in said duplex wrench was provided with a recess for the movable spring-jaw, which was formed with a shank having near its rear end a slot through which the pin passed for the purpose of pivotally connecting the jaw to the slide, The bottom wall ofthe recess in which thisjaw was pivoted was made straight and parallel with the axis of the-stock throughout itsentire length, and the spring secured upon said level bottom wall, so that the outward swing of the toothed end pressed the spring down upon the wall and constituted the bottom of the said recess.

It is the object of my present invention to provide improved means for arresting the tear or tail end of the jaw as its forward toothed end is swung out, and at the same time to avoid any increase in size of the slide; also,

to provide an improved arrangement of spring and means for checking the inward movement of the tail end of the jaw as its forward end is swung outwardly or away from the slide. These objects I attain, first, by forming the slide with a raised seat or solid abutment in the rear end of the recess in which/the jaw is pivoted, so that when the forward toothed end be arrested at the proper moment by said raised seat or solid abutment in the recess, and thereby limit the movement of the pivoted jaw; secondly, by locating a springin a recess that is formed in said raised seat or solid abut= throw the tail of the jaw outwardly, will be compressed within the recess when the forward toothed end is swung out.

do the annexed drawings, Figure 1 illustrates the duplex wrench; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section of the same; Fig. 3, a side view of a form of wrench particularlyadapted to serve as pipe-tongs; Fig. 4, a longitudinal section of the same, and Fig. 5 a view of the pivoted jaw detached.

The letterA indicates the stock of a wrench, this said stock being provided at one of i s ends with a T-head, B, adapted to constitute the fixed or stationary jaws of the wrench, and being providedat its remaining end with the usual handle, 0. The movable slide D, which is arranged to slide longitudinally upon the stock, is formed with a rigid jaw, D, this rigid jaw of the slide having a plane gripping surface for serving, in conjunction with the plane gripping-surlace B on the T-head, to grip nuts or the heads of bolts, as is usual in nut-wrenches. The slide is provided at its rear end with a groove, D in which sets an angular flange formed in the screw-nut E. This sorew-nut travels upon the screw-threaded portions A of the stock, so as to operate the movable slide and adjust thejaws to and from each other. recess, F, between the walls of which is pivoted the jaw G. The forward end of this piv oted jaw, which extends out from the recess of theslide, is provided with an inclined or so as to take better hold upon the object to be grasped, and the fixed jaw B of the T-head is concaved,with or without serrations, whereby such articles as a pipe or cylinder can be gripped by these jaws in the manner of a pipewrench. v

In turning or twisting a pipe or cylinder it will be found that the severe strain to which the pivot is subjected will be apt to break the beveled gripping-surface, G,which is serrated,

of thejaw is swung outwardly its tail end will ment, so that the said spring,'while acting to The slide is formed with a latter, and hence to relieve the pivot from such strain, and toztransfer the pressure from the pivot directly to the slide I form the free end or head of the pivoted jaw with shoulders 9 which, when the jaw is closed down in the recess, as shown, lie against the ends of the vertical walls that are formed by recessingthe slide. Hence when thejaw is turned upon its pivot so as to move its serrated head outwardly from the recess the shoulders 9 will be brought against said end walls and bind upon the same, thus relieving the pivot pin from strain. In order to efl'ectively-limit the movement of the pivoted jaw, I provide in the rear end of the recess F a raised seat or solid abutment, H, that is formed by a raised portion of the slide at this point.- This seat or abutment islocated directly under the rear-end or tail of the pivoted jaw, and it is provided with a socket, h,

in whichis fitted a spring-cushion, I, composed I either of a metal spring or of an elastic block of rubber or other elastic material. This spring acts against the tail of the pivoted jaw, and causes the same to normally lie in the recess, as shown, the upper side of the body of the jaw being about flush with the top edges of the vertical walls that are at the sides ofthe recess. Hence when the serrated end of the jaw is raisedor moved outwardly thisjspring constitutes a yielding resistance to the jaw, and in case of great pressure upon the free end of the jaw its tail will compact the spring and be forced against the raised seat H.

In the duplex wrench shown in my said Patent No. 238,369, the spring bears against the jaw substantially under the pivot; but in the present instance the tail is recessed at its under side, as at K, so as to allow spacefor the spring and the elevated stop-0r seat, and the spring bears against the end of the tail portion of the jawsome ways back of thepivot, which passes through a perforationin the jaw at a point forward of the elevated seat. It will thus be seen that theseparts of the wrench can be arranged in a compact manner, and that the bulkof. the wrench will not be increased. The wrench will work smoothly and etfieiently, and be found extremely serviceable. The wrench is neatly finished, and the outer edges of the slide and double stationary jaw are rounded ofi', so-as to give to the same a smooth and finished exterior.

In Figs. 3 and 4 a single instead of a double rigid jaw is provided in conjunction with the pivoted jaw, and in Fig. 4 a coiled spring is shown, while in Fig.2 an elastic cushion is fitted in the recessed seat.

I am aware of the Letters Patent No. 59,571, issued November 13, 1866, to W. Evans; No. 82,513, issued Septennber29, 1868,to J. Goodin; No. 172,155, issued January 11,1876, to O. B. North, and the Letters Patent of Great Britain No. 2,755, A. D. 1853, and the several devices shown in said patents form. no part of my invention in the present case.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is-- 1. The combination, in a duplex wrench,

with the stationary jaw, of the slide adjustably held upon the wrench-stocl;,said slide having a recess which is provided at its lower or rear end with a raised seat or abutment located between the side walls of said recess, a jaw pivoted within the latter at a point between said seat and the upper end of the recess, and having its tail end projecting over said raised seat or abutment, substantially'asdescribed. 2. The combination, in a duplex wrench,,of the stationary jaw, the slide adjustably held upon the wrench-stock, saidslide having a recess provided at its rear end with a raisedseat or abutment located between the side walls of saidv recess, a jaw pivoted within said recess at a point about midway of its length, said jaw being'recessed or cut away upon its under edge to form a tapered or thin extremity, which projects over the raised seat, and an elastic cushion received by a socket in the raised seat and bearing against the under surface of the rear end (of the pivoted jaw, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribingwitnesses.

BERNARD DONOHUE. I Witnesses:

JAMES L. NORRIS, JAMES A. RUTHERFORD. 

